What is a common consequence of genetic mutations in tumor suppressor genes?

Genetic mutations in tumor suppressor genes typically result in the loss of function of these genes, which play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and division. When tumor suppressor genes are mutated, the normal regulatory mechanisms that control cell cycle progression and prevent excessive cell division are disrupted. This lack of regulation leads to an increased propensity for cells to proliferate uncontrollably, creating an environment conducive to tumor development. Therefore, the common consequence of such mutations is an increase in cell division without appropriate checks and balances, contributing to cancer progression.

Other options, such as enhanced cell repair mechanisms or greater sensitivity to chemotherapy, do not align with the function of tumor suppressor genes. In fact, when these genes are mutated, the opposite often occurs, leading to reduced effectiveness of DNA repair processes and potentially decreasing the effectiveness of treatments like chemotherapy. Additionally, mutations in tumor suppressor genes are associated with a higher, not lower, risk of tumor development, making the option regarding lower risk incorrect.