In genetic terms, what does "trisomy" refer to?

Trisomy refers to a genetic condition where there is an additional chromosome in a person's cells, resulting in a total of three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the usual two. This extra chromosome alters the normal chromosomal makeup and can lead to various developmental and health issues, depending on which chromosome is affected.

For example, trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. This condition can impact physical development and cognitive abilities.

Understanding trisomy is vital in genetics and genomic nursing practice, as it assists healthcare professionals in recognizing the potential implications of chromosomal abnormalities on patient health, guiding decisions in prenatal screening, genetic counseling, and patient care.